Climate Influences
What affects the climate in an area?
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LatitudeThe equator receives direct sunlight every day of the year. This means that the closer to the equator a region is, the warmer the climate, and the farther away from the equator a region is, the colder the climate. Elevation![]() Higher elevations have colder climates. The top of a mountain range is much colder than at the base, or bottom, of a mountain. Regions with higher elevations will be colder because the air is thinner and can't hold heat. Mountain ranges can block rainfall and create a rain shadow, which prevents precipitation from reaching the other side of the mountain. This causes the region next to the mountain to be dry. ![]() Ocean CurrentsWarm air and water rise, while cool air and water sink. The warm air and water currents move heat from the equator around the Earth, while the cool air and water from the poles move cold water from the poles down to the tropics. Closeness to
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