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How do stories and other works of literature say what they mean?

An article about growing plants from seeds is probably full of information. For this reason, it’s considered an informational text. Throughout middle school, you’ll read many examples of informational text―and not just in your language arts classes. If your science, social studies, and math classes use textbooks or online lessons, you’ll be reading information throughout the day, every day you’re in school.

Teacher helping a group of students do a science experiment. A group of Middle School students in class.

There’s one type of text that is almost always reserved for language arts class, though: literature. Literature is a category of writing that does more than provide information, although it may do that too. Works of literature―stories, poems, plays, and essays―are written to entertain readers and to help them understand more about themselves and about life in general.

Powerful blonde knight with a sword on a dark background

Before the invention of writing―and before most people learned to write, literature was more like storytelling. Families sat around a fire in their living rooms and told stories that had been told for generations. Storytelling was a major source of entertainment for both children and adults.

Stories that are shared out loud are still around, of course. This story about some very special watermelon seeds has been passed down through generations of families in Uzbekistan, a country in Asia. Click the audio play button to listen to the story. If you like, click the Read Me button to read along.

White stork in flight

The Stork and the Watermelons

Question

When parents and grandparents in Uzbekistan tell the story of the stork and the watermelon seeds to their children, what do they expect them to learn from it?