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What makes up "art"?

If you were to close your eyes and scribble on a piece of paper, would you be creating art? What if you assembled a piece of furniture, painted a wall or dropped a bottle of ketchup? Is this art?

A broken bottle of ketchup on the ground.

While arguments about what is and isn't art have been debated for millenia, most people don't think of random scribblings, household chores or messy accidents as true art. Usually, for something to be considered art, it has to combine elements of art together in thoughtful ways to express meaning.

The elements of art are visual components used to create interesting and successful artwork. They are the ingredients artists use to express and share their intentions, ideas, and emotions with the world. These ingredients are different for every piece of art, but in this lesson, we'll discover some of the common elements of art and how they help convey a designer's vision and purpose.

You may have heard the phrase, “There is no such thing as bad art.” This is true. But as a designer, your job is to understand and use contrast, emphasis, movement, space, patterns, and other artistic elements to get your meaning across in a way that is clear, memorable, and engaging to your viewers.

Look around and you will see many different types of shapes and lines in the natural world: the veins of a leaf, the spiral of a spider web, the globe of an eye, the triangle of a volcano. What about texture? Have you ever contemplated the smooth surface of a glossy lake or the soft petals of a rose? How about the coarse bark of a tree or the rough surface of lizard skin? Did you ever consider the motion of a dragonfly carving a path through the air, or appreciate the contrast in a cheetah's spots? The elements of art are everywhere, you just have to look to see them.

A close up shot of a leaf.   A glassy lake in the Sierras, California   Cheetah showing its spots.

Question

Why is it important to master the elements of art?

The elements of art are not just abstract concepts dreamed up to make design more difficult. In fact, they're deeply rooted in our natural world, and you can see them just about everywhere you go. The shapes, lines, motions, and colors found in nature inform our sense of beauty and balance, and have inspired some of the greatest art ever produced.

Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man (c. 1490)

Leonardo da Vinci's Vitruvian Man (c. 1490) combines geometric shapes with the human form to highlight the perfect proportions found in nature's design.