Are you ready to take this lesson's quiz? These questions will help you find out. Make sure you understand why each correct answer is correct--if you don't, review that part of the lesson.
Which functional group is shown in the molecule below?
- carbonyl
- carboxyl
- hydroxyl
- ester
Ketones and aldehydes have a double bonded oxygen atom in their structure.
The carboxyl group is the combination of both a carbonyl and hydroxyl.
Alcohol molecules include the hydroxyl group, which consists of an oxygen-hydrogen bond.
Ester molecules have two oxygen atoms in their structure.
What elements are present in an aldehyde?
- C, H, O
- C, H, F
- C, Br, F
- C, H, Cl
An aldehyde is a hydrocarbon with a carbonyl functional group.
Carbonyl functional groups include a double bonded oxygen atom.
Aldehydes are hydrocarbons that must include hydrogen atoms.
Carbonyl functional groups include a double bonded oxygen atom.
Which group of molecules contains a terminal double bonded oxygen atom at the end of the carbon chain?
- aldehyde
- ketone
- alcohol
- ester
A carbonyl group is represented by a double bonded oxygen.
Ketones have a double bonded oxygen in the middle of a carbon chain.
Alcohol molecules have a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group.
Ester molecules contain two oxygen atoms.
What is a functional group?
- a group of atoms that gives a molecule specific characteristics and properties
- a group of atoms of one type
- the oxygen atoms in an organic molecule
- a group of molecules with the same molecular formula
A molecule’s properties are related to specific structural components.
Organic molecules must contain carbon atoms and usually also hydrogen.
Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes are made up of carbon and hydrogen and are all considered to be functional groups.
Structural isomers have the same molecular formulas but differ in their properties.
Which of the following statements is not true concerning the functional group of alcohols.
- Because all alcohols contain a hydroxyl group, they will all exhibit a similar set of properties.
- Alcohols have the same molecular formula.
- Alcohols tend to be more polar than the related parent hydrocarbon molecule.
- Alcohol molecules have higher boiling points than the related parent hydrocarbon molecule.
Molecules with similar functional groups will have similar, predictable properties.
Functional groups can be added to carbon chains of all sizes.
The hydroxyl group of alcohols is polar.
The hydroxyl group has the ability to hydrogen bond, creating stronger intermolecular forces.
Summary
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