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How much of a story is suggested rather than explained?

Iagoo’s stories were meant to teach children many things about their world, things that other adults may not have the time to tell them. In this way, Iagoo provided an important service to his community―the teaching of Ojibwe ways.

Listen to what happened one day when it had grown dark outside and all of the children in Iagoo’s village had gathered near, hoping to hear a story before bedtime.

Young Ojibwe girl outside in the dark.

What did Iagoo say next? Click the button below to read the story that Iagoo told the children, as an answer to the little girl’s question about the mountains and if they had always been there. As you read, notice where you have to make inferences about the story’s events.

What ideas were implied in “The Little Boy and Girl in the Clouds,” instead of directly stated? Answer the questions below about specific passages in the story. These questions will help you distinguish between what the author states directly and what the author implies.

The Little Boy and Girl in the Clouds

In the days when all animals and people lived on friendly terms, when Coyote, the prairie wolf, was not a bad sort of fellow when you came to know him, and even the Mountain Lion would growl pleasantly and pass you the time of day―there lived in a beautiful valley a little boy and girl.

This valley was a lovely place to live in―never was such a playground anywhere on earth. It was like a great green carpet stretching for miles and miles, and when the wind blew upon the long grass, it was like looking at the waves of the sea. Flowers of all colors bloomed in the beautiful valley, berries grew thick on the bushes, and birds filled the summer air with their songs.

Best of all, there was nothing whatever to fear. The children could wander at will―watching the butterflies, making friends with the squirrels and rabbits, or following the flight of the bee to some tree where its honey is stored.

As for the wild animals, it was all very different from what it is today, when they keep the poor things in cages, or coop them up in a little patch of ground behind a high fence. In the beautiful valley the animals ran free and happily, as they were meant to do. The Bear was a big, lazy, good-natured fellow who lived on berries and wild honey in the summer, and in winter crept into his cavern in the rocks and slept there till the spring. The deer were not only gentle, but tame as sheep, and often came to crop the tender grass that grew where the two children were accustomed to play.

They loved all the animals, and the animals loved them, but perhaps their special favorites were Jack Rabbit and Antelope. Jack Rabbit had long legs and ears almost as long as a mule's, and no animal of his size could jump so high. But of course, he could not jump as high as Antelope―the name of a beautiful little deer, with short horns and slender legs, who could run like the wind.

Another thing that made the happy valley such a pleasant place to live in was the river that flowed through it. All the animals came from miles around to drink from its clear, cool waters, and to bathe in it on a hot summer day. One shallow pool seemed made especially for the little boy and girl. Their friend, the Beaver, with his flat tail like an oar and his feet webbed like a duck's, had taught them how to swim almost as soon as they had learned to walk. To splash around in the pool on a warm afternoon was among their greatest pleasures.

One day in mid-summer the water was so pleasant that the boy and girl remained in the pool much longer than usual. When at last they came out, they were quite tired. And since they also were a little chilly, they looked around for a good place where they could get dry and warm.

"Let's climb up on that big, flat rock, with the moss on it," said the little boy. "We've never done it before. It would be lots of fun."

So he clambered up the side of the rock, which was only a few feet high, and drew his sister up after him. Then they lay down to rest, and pretty soon, without intending it at all, they were fast asleep.

Nobody knows how it happened that exactly at this time the rock began to rise and grow. But it did happen, because there it is today, high and bare and steep, higher than the other hills in the valley. As the children slept, it rose and rose, inch by inch, foot by foot. By the next day it was taller than the tallest trees.

Meanwhile their father and mother were searching for them everywhere, but all in vain―there was no trace of them to be found. No one had seen them climb up on the rock, and everyone concerned was too worried about the children to notice what had happened to the rock. The parents wandered far and wide saying: "Antelope, have you seen our little boy and girl? Jack Rabbit, you must have seen our little boy and girl." But none of the animals had seen them.

At last the parents met Coyote, the cleverest of them all, trotting along the valley with his nose in the air, so they put the same question to him.

"No," said Coyote. "I have not seen them for a long time. However, my nose was given to me to smell with, and my brains were given to me to think with. Who knows? Maybe I can help you.”

So Coyote trotted by their side, along the banks of the river, and pretty soon they came to the pool where the children had been in swimming. Coyote sniffed and sniffed. He ran around and around, with his nose to the ground. Then he ran right up to the rock, put his forepaws up as high as he could reach, and sniffed again.

"H-m-m!" he grunted. "I cannot fly like the Eagle, and I cannot swim like the Beaver. But neither am I stupid like the Bear, nor ignorant like the Jack Rabbit. My nose has never deceived me yet—your little boy and girl must be up there on that rock."

"But how could they get there?" asked the astonished parents. For the rock was now so high that the top was lost in the clouds.

"That is not the question," said Coyote severely, unwilling to admit there was anything he did not know. "That is not the question at all. Anybody could ask that. The only question worth asking is: How are we going to get them down again?"

Coyote suggested that they call all the animals together, to talk it over and see what could be done. The Bear said, "If I could only put my arms around the rock, I could climb it. But it is much too big for that." And the Fox said, "If it were only a deep hole, instead of a high hill, I would be able to help you." And the Beaver said, "If it were just a place out in the water I could swim to, I'd show you very quickly."

But as this kind of talk did not take them very far, they decided to try what jumping would do. There seemed to be no other way, and since each one was anxious to do his part, the smallest one was permitted to make the first attempt. So the Mouse made a funny little hop, about as high as your hand. The Squirrel went a little higher. Jack Rabbit made the highest jump of his life, and almost broke his back, to no purpose. Antelope gave a great bound in the air, but managed to light on his feet again without doing himself any harm. Finally, the Mountain Lion went a long way off to get a good start―then ran toward the rock with great leaps and sprang straight up. Alas, he fell and rolled over on his back. He had made a higher jump than any of them; but it was not nearly high enough.

Well, no one knew what to do next. It seemed as if the little boy and girl must be left sleeping on the mountain forever, up among the clouds. Suddenly they heard a tiny voice saying:

"Perhaps if you let me try, I might climb up the rock." They all looked around in surprise, wondering who it was that spoke. At first, they could see nobody, and they thought that Coyote must be playing a trick on them. But Coyote was as much surprised as anyone.

"Wait a minute. I'm coming as fast as I can," said the tiny voice again. Then a Measuring Worm crawled out of the grass―a funny little worm that made its way along by hunching up its back and drawing itself ahead an inch at a time.

"Ho, ho!" said the Mountain Lion, from deep down in his throat. He always spoke that way when his pride was hurt. "Ho, ho! Did you ever hear of such a thing? If I, a lion, have failed, how can a miserable little crawling worm like you hope to succeed? Just tell me that!"

"It's downright silly," said Jack Rabbit. "That's what it is. I never saw such arrogance."

However, after much talk, they agreed at last that it could do no harm to let the worm try. So he made his way slowly to the rock and began to climb. In a few minutes, Measuring Worm was higher than Jack Rabbit had jumped. Soon he was farther up on the rock than the lion had been able to leap, and before long he had climbed out of sight.

It took the Measuring Worm a whole month, climbing day and night, to reach the top of the magical rock. When he got there, he awakened the little boy and girl, who were much surprised to see where they were, and guided them safely down along a path that no one else knew anything about. Thus, by patience and perseverance, the weak little creature was able to do something that the Bear, for all his size, and the Lion, for all his strength, could not do.

The author claims that there was a time “when all animals and people lived on friendly terms.” What does this statement imply about today?

  1. Animals and people are much more similar now.

The author’s use of the phrase “there was a time” suggests that things used to be different than they are now.

The author’s use of the phrase “there was a time” suggests that things used to be different than they are now.

How is the Bear’s laziness described in this paragraph―with a direct statement or with details that imply he is lazy?

  1. It is implied by details.

This sentence includes a direct statement of the Bear’s personality: “The Bear was a big, lazy, good-natured fellow who lived on berries and wild honey in the summer . . .”

This sentence includes a direct statement of the Bear’s personality: “The Bear was a big, lazy, good-natured fellow who lived on berries and wild honey in the summer . . .”

This part of the story doesn’t say exactly why the little boy and girl climbed up on the rock, but it does suggest a reason. What reason is implied?

  1. They wanted to see how much of the valley was visible from there.

The little boy suggests that they climb on top of the rock right after the author says that the children were chilly.

The little boy suggests that they climb on top of the rock right after the author says that the children were chilly.

Does the author of the story say that people and animals can talk to each other, or is this idea implied by the story’s details?

  1. It is directly stated.

The story includes dialogue between the parents and the animals, but the author does not point out that they can speak to and understand each other.

The story includes dialogue between the parents and the animals, but the author does not point out that they can speak to and understand each other.

What idea is implied―but not directly stated―in this paragraph?

  1. If the mountain were a deep hole instead of a hill, the fox could help.

The paragraph provides a list of examples of animals without the ability to climb such a steep hill.

The paragraph provides a list of examples of animals without the ability to climb such a steep hill.

Although the author does not say so directly, what idea is implied in this paragraph?

  1. The other animals hope that the Measuring Worm will fail.

The sentences in this paragraph provide examples of how far the Measuring Worm has gone past where other animals were able to go, given their abilities.

The sentences in this paragraph provide examples of how far the Measuring Worm has gone past where other animals were able to go, given their abilities.

Summary

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Questions answered incorrectly: