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Where did African traders at Kilwa get gold to trade?

Kilwa was a trading port, not a gold mine. Where did traders get the gold that made the city at Kilwa so well-known for its riches? Historians realized they had found some clues when they discovered the outpost, or small trading site, of Manyikeni, located inland in the nation of Mozambique between Great Zimbabwe and Kilwa. Manyikeni is on the road between Great Zimbabwe and Kilwa, and gold coming from Great Zimbabwe passed through Manyikeni on the way to the coast. Both gold and glass beads have been found in Manyikeni’s ruins. Click the photos below to learn more.

Question

What evidence shows that Manyikeni was probably a trading outpost used in the East African gold trade?

The ruins found there are made of stone not found locally. Grass growing there is not native to Mozambique, but was probably brought by traders to feed their cattle. Gold has been found in the graves of ancestors of present-day inhabitants--though there are no mines nearby. All of these items point to Manyikeni's past connection to the gold of Great Zimbabwe and the goods traded on the Swahili coast.

Question

How did the attitudes of people in Manyikeni seem to differ from the attitudes of people in Kilwa?

In Kilwa, gold was just a commodity used to trade for other goods. In Manyikeni, it held a more sacred or symbolic place in people's thinking, as it was buried with the dead.