Module 2- Math K A - Course Guide

Module Overview:

In this module, students will explore spatial and size concepts by recognizing and using position words such as above, below, in front of, behind, and next to to describe the location of shapes and objects. They will identify objects in their environment by name and describe their positions in relation to one another. Students will compare items to determine which are longer, shorter, taller, wider, or narrower, and will use these comparisons to describe objects accurately. They will also describe shapes using both their names and position words, building a strong foundation for understanding relationships between objects in space.

Module Materials:

Lesson # Lesson Title Material(s)
1 Describing Positions None
2 Shapes and Positions None
3 Different Sizes None
4 Compare Sizes colored pencils or crayons;
5 Module 2 Wrap Up colored pencils or crayons;

Module Objectives:

Lesson # Lesson Title Objective(s)
1 Describing Positions
  1. Describe the positions of shapes.
  2. Recognize and use position words: above, below, in front of, behind, and next to.
2 Shapes and Positions
  1. Recognize and use position words: above, below, in front of, behind, and next to.
  2. Recognize objects in the environment using names.
  3. Describe shape positions.
3 Different Sizes
  1. Determine which object is longer or shorter.
  2. Determine which object is wider or narrower.
4 Compare Sizes
  1. Compare two items to determine longer or shorter.
  2. Compare two items to determine taller or shorter.
  3. Compare two items to determine if they are wider or narrower.
5 Module 2 Wrap Up
  1. Describe shapes using their names and position words.
  2. Compare objects using taller, shorter, longer, wider, and narrower.

Module Key Words:

Key Words
circle
above
below
in front of
behind
next to
square
rectangle
triangle
hexagon
long
short
wide
narrow
shorter
taller
longer
wider
narrower

Module Assignments:

Lesson # Lesson Title Page # Assignment Title
1 Describing Positions 5 Assignment: Describing Positions
2 Shapes and Positions 6 Assignment: Position Words
3 Different Sizes 6 Assignment: Different Sizes
4 Compare Sizes 7 Assignment: Compare Sizes
5 Module 2 Wrap Up 6 Assignment: Module 2 Wrap Up

Learning Coach Notes:

Lesson # Lesson Title Notes
1 Describing Positions To help your learner practice describing the positions of shapes, use everyday objects around the house to model and discuss where things are. Place a toy above, below, in front of, behind, or next to another object and ask your learner to describe its position using the correct word. Switch roles so your learner can give you directions for where to place an object, reinforcing their use of position words. You can also use shape cutouts, puzzle pieces, or building blocks to create simple arrangements and have your learner describe the positions aloud. During daily activities—such as setting the table or organizing a shelf—encourage them to talk about where items are located using precise position words.
2 Shapes and Positions To help your learner practice position words, use everyday items such as toys, books, or cups. Place one object in different positions—above, below, in front of, behind, or next to another object—and have your learner describe its location. Switch roles so your learner can give you instructions on where to place objects, encouraging them to use the correct position words. Go on an “object hunt” around the house or outside, naming objects you see and having your learner describe where they are in relation to something else (“The ball is next to the chair.”). Use shape cutouts, puzzle pieces, or building blocks to create simple arrangements, then have your learner name the shapes and describe their positions.
3 Different Sizes To help your learner compare object sizes, gather a variety of items from around the house, such as pencils, spoons, ribbons, or books, and have them decide which is longer or shorter. Line up two items side by side to make the comparison easier, and encourage your learner to explain their thinking. Repeat the activity using objects of different widths, such as paper strips, boxes, or blocks, asking which is wider or narrower. Take the activity outdoors by comparing sticks, leaves, or sidewalk chalk lines. Encourage your learner to use the comparison words longer, shorter, wider, and narrower when describing what they see.
4 Compare Sizes To help your learner practice comparing objects, collect a variety of items such as pencils, books, toys, or containers. Place two items side by side and have your learner decide which is longer or shorter, then do the same to compare which is taller or shorter by standing items upright. Use objects like boxes, paper strips, or blocks to compare width, asking which is wider or narrower. Encourage your learner to use the correct comparison words each time and to explain how they know. You can also take the activity outside by comparing tree heights, sidewalk chalk lines, or playground equipment.
5 Module 2 Wrap Up To support your learner, gather shape cutouts, blocks, or household items in common shapes such as circles, squares, triangles, and rectangles. Arrange the shapes in different positions and have your learner describe them using both their names and position words like above, below, next to, or behind. Then, choose two objects and ask your learner to compare them using the words taller, shorter, longer, wider, or narrower. Encourage them to explain their comparisons in complete sentences, such as “The rectangle is longer than the square” or “The cone is behind the cylinder.”

Module Guiding Questions:

When a student starts a lesson ask them questions to check for prior knowledge and understanding and to review concepts being taught. At the end of the lesson ask the questions again to see if their answer changes.

Lesson Title Question
Describing Positions
  1. Can you describe where things are located?
Shapes and Positions
  1. Where are the shapes in your environment?
Different Sizes
  1. What are some ways that you can compare objects?
Compare Sizes
  1. What is the difference between length and width?
Module 2 Wrap Up
  1. What do you know about shapes and position?

Module Video Questions:

When a student watches a video take time to ask them questions about what they watched. Suggested questions for the videos in this module are listed here. Suggestion: Have the student watch the entire video first all the way through. Then have them watch the video a second time, as they watch it pause the video and ask the questions.

Lesson Title Video Question
Shapes and Positions Learning Location
  1. Which hand is your right hand?
  2. Which hand is your left hand?
  3. What other words do you know that describe position?

Module Suggested Read Aloud Books:

Take time to read to your student or have them read aloud to you. Read a different book each day. While reading the book point out concepts being taught. You may purchase these books or find them at your local library. Suggested things to discuss while reading the book:

  • What is the main idea?
  • What are three things new you learned?
  • How does this book relate to what you are learning about?

# Book Author Lexile Level
1 The Long and Short of It Cheryl Nathan
2 Just a Little Bit Ann Tompert AD480L
3 Shapes! Eve Heidi Bine-Stock
4 Hide-and-Seek: A First Book of Position Words R. D. Ornot AD320L

Module Outing:

Take some time to apply what your student is learning to the real world. Suggested outings are below.

# Outing